文山守护绿美家园的故事被国外媒体传开了~

守护绿美家园 绘就生物多样

Protecting the Green and Beautiful Homeland to Make for Biodiversity

文山州是中国乃至世界物种和遗传基因宝库，被学术界誉为“古特植物分布中心”，是世界木兰科植物的起源中心和现代分布中心，有“中国木兰之乡”之称。境内分布有大量亚热带常绿阔叶林和喀斯特森林，以及独特的洞穴生态系统。被誉为“喀斯特上的绿洲，生物多样性的天堂”，是云南省生物多样性最丰富的地区之一。近年来，文山州加快提升生物多样性保护能力，强化生态空间管控，全州典型的生态系统、珍稀濒危野生动植物栖息地、自然景观优良的地区及生物多样性丰富的区域均得到全面有效保护。

Wenshan Prefecture is recognized as a treasure trove of species and genetic resources, both in China and globally. The academic community regards it as the “center of ancient plant distribution,” and it is the origin and modern distribution center for the Magnoliaceae family. This region is also known as the “Hometown of Magnolias in China.” Wenshan is home to extensive subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests, karst forests, and unique cave ecosystems. It has been hailed as “An Oasis on the Karst Landform,”and “A Paradise of Biodiversity，”making it one of the most bio-diverse areas in Yunnan Province. In recent years, Wenshan Prefecture has been accelerating efforts to enhance its biodiversity protection capabilities, strengthening ecological space management, and effectively safeguarded the key ecosystems, habitats of rare and endangered wildlife, scenic areas, and biodiversity-rich regions.

践行绿水青山理念，生态保护成果丰硕

Practicing the Green Development Concept to Achieve Significant Ecological Protection Results

2011年以来，完成营造林877.6万亩，与2016年比，文山州石漠化土地面积净减少22.68万公顷，森林覆盖率36.71%，草原植被盖度达87.3%；全州共建成自然保护地27个，面积18.41万公顷，占国土面积的5.86%；国家级自然保护地12个，省级自然保护地14个，州级自然保护区1个。

Since 2011, Wenshan Prefecture has completed afforestation efforts covering 8.776 million mu (approximately 5.85 million hectares). Compared to 2016, the area of rocky desertification land has decreased by 226,800 hectares, With a forest coverage rate of 36.71% and the grassland vegetation coverage reaching 87.3%. Across the region, 27 nature reserves have been established, covering an area of 184,100 hectares, accounting for 5.86% of the total land area. Among these, there are 12 national-level reserves, 14 of provincial-level, and 1 of prefectural-level.

目前，文山州已知的陆生野生动物有416种，其中列入国家重点保护名录116种。国家一级保护野生动物有蜂猴、穿山甲、林麝等22种，国家二级保护野生动物有短尾猴、中华鬣羚、白鹇等94种。已掌握的野生维管束植物有7907种，列入国家重点保护名录224种，占全国的20.34%。国家一级保护野生植物有望天树、文山红柱兰等24种，国家二级重点保护野生植物有黄花马兜铃、伯乐树等186种。分布有极小种群植物57种，占全国的47.5%、全省的56.44%。分布有华盖木、水松、亮叶木莲、滇南风吹楠、富宁金花茶等特有植物265种。全州分布24个茶树种质资源居群，面积约12000公顷，约46万株。

Wenshan Prefecture currently has 416 recorded terrestrial wild animal species, of which 116 are listed under national key protection. There are 22 species of wild animals under first-class national protection, such as the slow loris, pangolin, and forest musk deer. Additionally, there are 94 species under second-class national protection, including the short-tailed monkey, chinese goral, and silver pheasant. The region also boasts 7,907 species of wild vascular plants, with 224 species included in the national key protection list, representing 20.34% of the country’s total. There are 24 species of first-class nationally protected wild plants, such as Parashorea chinensis and Wenshan Red Orchid, and 186 species of second-class nationallyprotected plants, such as Aristolochia delavayi and Bole Tree. Wenshan has 57 plants species of extremely small populations , accounting for 47.5% of the national total and 56.44% of the provincial total respectively. The region also boasts 265 endemic plants, such as Manglietiastrum sinicum, Chinese Swamp Cypress, Michelia chapensis, phoebe puwenensis, and Camellia reticulata. Moreover, Wenshan has 24 tea plant germplasm resource populations, covering an area of approximately 12,000 hectares with about 460,000 individual plants.

保护多样性先行，筑牢生态安全屏障

Leading in Biodiversity Protection to Cement Ecological Security

加强野生动物资源监测调查，云南文山国家级自然保护区2023年通过样线调查完成蜂猴、倭蜂猴、穿山甲、斑林狸、豹猫、白鹇、白腹锦鸡、滇南疣螈、星空湍蛙、脆蛇蜥等24种野生动物监测。监测记录到鸟类61种147只、两栖爬行动物41种341只。红外相机记录到地栖性兽类4目9科20种，鸟类5目19科58种，其中国家二级保护野生哺乳动物2种，国家二级重点保护鸟类12种。

Efforts have been made to enhance the monitoring and surveying of wild animal resources. In 2023, through sample line surveys, the Wenshan National Nature Reserve monitored 24 wild animal species, including the slow loris, Pygmy loris, Pangolin, Masked palm civet, leopard cat, silver pheasant, golden pheasant, Yunnan Warty Newt, and Starry Torrent Frog. The monitoring recorded 61 bird species with 147 individuals, and 41 amphibian and reptile species with 341 individuals. Infrared cameras captured images of 20 species of ground-dwelling mammals from 9 families across 4 orders, and 58 bird species from 19 families across 5 orders. Among these, there were 2 species of second-class nationally protected wild mammals and 12 species of second-class nationally protected birds.

开展华盖木、漾濞槭和德保苏铁等珍稀濒危植物引种试验，共引种华盖木167余株、漾濞槭100余株和德保苏铁30余株。与中国科学院昆明植物研究所合作，完成保护区山顶苔藓矮林1公顷植被样地基线调查，为后期开展复查，评价植被生态系统变化奠定了坚实基础。完成11块植被群落样地和13块主要保护物种样地调查，采集标本1000余号。

In addition, rare and endangered plants such as Manglietiastrum sinicum, acer yangbiense, and Cycas debaoensis have been introduced through experimental planting, with over 167 Manglietiastrum sinicum saplings, over 100 Acer yangbiense saplings, and over 30 Cycas debaoensis saplings planted. In collaboration with the Kunming Institute of Botany, chinese Academy of Sciences, a baseline survey was completed for one hectare of mossy dwarf forest vegetation in the reserve. This survey provides a solid foundation for future re-evaluation and the assessment of ecosystem changes. Surveys were also conducted on 11 vegetation community sample plots and 13 key protected species plots, resulting in the collection of over 1,000 samples.

科学利用保护成果，促进人与自然和谐共生

Utilizing Scientific Protection Achievements to Promote Harmonious Coexistence Between Man and Nature

文山州全力打造以三七中药材产业为主，集中打造粮食、水果、蔬菜、畜禽养殖为主的高原特色现代农业示范基地，推进农业产业健康持续发展。培育文体旅康养融合发展新型业态，打造了一批以文化为内核、体育为引领、旅游为载体、康养为依托的新场景、新业态、新品牌，为旅游业发展注入新的活力。

Wenshan Prefecture has been actively working to shape a demonstration base for modern plateau agriculture focusing on the traditional Sanqi (Panax notoginseng) Chinese herbal medicine industry and the integrated development of grain, fruit, vegetable, and livestock farming. These efforts aim to promote sustainable and healthy agricultural development. Additionally, the region is fostering new integrated development models that combine culture, sports, tourism, and wellness, creating new scenarios, industries, and brands that inject fresh vitality into the tourism industry.

以绿色食品为代表的现代农业发展势头强劲，完成“六个100工程”示范园建设117个，新认证“三品一标”农产品93个，获得“绿色食品牌”省级产业基地认定14个。

The modern agricultural development represented by green food achieved vigorous growth. Wenshan has completed the construction of 117 demonstration areasof the “Six One-Hundred Bases” and 93 newly certified agricultural products under the “Three Products and One Standard” system. 14 provincial-level industrial bases have received recognition of “Green Food Brand” standards.

围绕打造世界“三七之都”发展定位，做好三七种植、加工、交易、品牌打造、企业上市等“文章”，全力推进三七全产业链发展，努力把三七打造成为千亿级产业。2023年，文山州三七中药材种植面积229.5万亩，文山州三七产业实现综合总产值收入178.95亿元。

Focusing on the goal of becoming the global “City of Sanqi(Panax notoginseng),” Wenshan is advancing the entire Sanqi industrial chain, including planting, processing, trading, branding, and the listing of companies. The goal is to develop the Sanqi industry into a 100-Billion-Yuan industry. In 2023, the Sanqi planting area in Wenshan Prefecture reached 2.295 million mu,generating a comprehensive total output value of 17.895 billion yuan for Sanqi industry .

文山州树牢绿水青山就是金山银山发展理念，厚植绿色本底，一幅生态美、林业兴、百姓富的美丽画卷在云岭大地徐徐展开。

Wenshan Prefecture firmly upholds the development concept that “ lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets.” With a deep-rooted foundation of green development, a beautiful landscape of ecological prosperity, thriving forestry, and prosperous livelihoods is gradually unfolding across the land of Yunnan.